Objective: The study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, without any fully established hypothesis about the underlying cause, mechanism, and pathogenesis.[1,2] Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of interrelated risk factors of metabolic origin characterized by increased abdominal fat, high blood pressure, high glucose level, and abnormal cholesterol or triglycerides levels.[3] Lately, metabolic has been studied as one of the risk factors of neurodegenerative diseases.

Method: We analyzed data from 19 patients with Parkinson’s disease recruited during routine clinical visits at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. Parkinson’s disease severity stage was evaluated using Hoehn and Yahr (HY) staging. Various demographical and clinical features relationships were analyzed. All statistical analyses were assessed using the SPSS version 26.

Results: Metabolic syndrome was reported in 63.1% of subjects, with a median onset of the disease of 11.75 years. Subjects had a mean age of 66.26 years old. In our study, metabolic syndrome was found more common (83.3%) in male PD patients. Most of the subjects (42.1%) were classified in the stage II Hoehn and Yahr Scale. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in subjects >60 years old (75%). Metabolic syndrome also occurred more common in patients with longer disease duration (>5 years onset).[table1] Hypertension reported as a dominant vascular risk factor occurred in 84.2% of subjects.

Conclusion: In Parkinson’s disease, metabolic syndrome was found more common in male patients, older age, and in patients with longer disease duration, with hypertension as a dominant vascular risk factor.

References: 1. Melendez Florez ZD, Castillo Torres SA, Cerda Contreras C, Chavez Luevanoz B, Estrada Bellman I. Clinical features of metabolic syndrome in patients with Parkinson’s disease. 2021. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7201.2020323. REV NEUROL 2021;72:9-15. PMID: 33378074
2. Hirsch EC, Jenner P, Przedborski S. Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease. Movement Disorders. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.25032
3. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA, Gordon DJ, Krauss RM, Savage PJ, Dmith SC, Spertus JA, Costa F. Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. AHA. 2005. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/clinical-manifestations-of-metabolic-syndrome-in-parkinsons-disease-report-from-indonesia-tertiary-referral-hospital/