Objective: To characterize the burden and geographic distribution of PD in Mexico using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data.

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) represents an increasing public health burden globally. Understanding subnational variations is critical for targeted health policies.

Method: We analyzed GBD 2021 data for Mexico (1990-2023) including national and 32 subnational locations. Six epidemiological measures were assessed: incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs). Age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000 population were calculated. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was computed using linear regression of ln ASR versus time.

Results: National prevalence increased from 0.327 (1990-2000) to 1.689 per 100,000 (1990-2023), with an annual change of +0.008 per 100,000/year (R²=0.88). Substantial geographic heterogeneity was observed, with a 2.13-fold range between states. The highest prevalence rates were found in southeastern states: Veracruz (2.479), Estado de México (2.456), and Tabasco (2.318), while Yucatán (1.163), Aguascalientes (1.237), and Jalisco (1.326) showed the lowest rates. Strong correlations were observed between indicators (prevalence-incidence r=0.990), validating data consistency. All measures demonstrated increasing trends, with acceleration observed in the 2010-2023 period.

Conclusion: PD burden in Mexico shows sustained growth with significant subnational heterogeneity. The southeastern region bears disproportionately higher disease burden. These findings underscore the need for region-specific health policies and enhanced neurological services, particularly in high-burden states, to address the growing PD challenge amid population aging.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/burden-and-geographic-distribution-of-parkinsons-disease-in-mexico-a-gbd-2021-analysis-1990-2023/