Objective: To systematically analyze patient data to explore the clinical phenotypes, risk factors, management, and outcomes among patients with functional movement disorders (FMD) in the Philippines.
Background: Functional Movement Disorder (FMD) is a common manifestation of a functional neurological disorder characterized by a wide range of motor symptoms. Despite its common occurrence in clinical settings, the epidemiological characteristics and underlying mechanisms associated with FMD in different cultures and populations remain insufficiently studied.
Method: This study employed a cross-sectional approach and included a systematic review and descriptive analyses of data from individual patients at a single movement disorders center in Cebu City, Philippines.
Results: A total of 30 cases were assessed. As in other populations, there was a clear higher prevalence in women (70%). The mean age at onset was 29.3 years (SD 12.6), with no significant difference between women and men (28.6 vs. 30.9 years). The most common phenotype was tremor (40%). The majority of cases had episodic presentations, were non-pain-dominant, with concomitant anxiety disorder and depression. One patient had attempted suicide. Notably, there is a lack of education and awareness about FMD among referring services, with an average of 3 consultations before the correct diagnosis was made. Treatment typically involved multidisciplinary approaches, including physical and cognitive behavioral therapy, but outcomes varied, dependent on early intervention and patient engagement.
Conclusion: Diagnosis and management of FMD in the Philippines pose significant challenges due to the decentralized healthcare system and limited access to specialized care. This study offers valuable insights into the risk factors and management of FMD in a resource-limited setting, which can guide future studies and clinical approaches. Increased education, enhanced accessibility to specialized care, and more research into effective treatment strategies are needed to improve patient outcomes.
To cite this abstract in AMA style:
KA. Pañares, A. Lang, G. Saranza. Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Functional Movement Disorders in a Developing Nation: Insights from the Philippines [abstract]. Mov Disord. 2025; 40 (suppl 1). https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/challenges-in-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-functional-movement-disorders-in-a-developing-nation-insights-from-the-philippines/. Accessed November 20, 2025.« Back to 2025 International Congress
MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/challenges-in-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-functional-movement-disorders-in-a-developing-nation-insights-from-the-philippines/