Objective: To compare the effectiveness of water-based and land-based exercise interventions in improving quality of life (QoL) and motor function in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Background: Exercise plays a critical role in PD rehabilitation, improving motor symptoms, balance, and overall QoL. Water-based exercises (hydrotherapy) offer unique benefits such as reduced joint stress and enhanced stability, while land-based exercises target strength and mobility. However, the comparative long-term efficacy of these modalities remains unclear.
Method: A systematic review was conducted across Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies assessing water-based versus land-based exercise interventions in PD patients. Primary outcomes included QoL (PDQ-39), motor function (UPDRS-III), and balance performance. Statistical analyses and effect size calculations were extracted for comparative evaluation.
Results: A total of 72 studies met inclusion criteria. Water-based exercises demonstrated significant improvements in balance (Berg Balance Scale mean increase 6.8 points, p<0.01) and reduced fall risk compared to land-based interventions. Land-based exercises showed greater enhancements in muscle strength and mobility (UPDRS-III mean improvement -4.9 points, p<0.05). QoL improvements were observed in both groups (PDQ-39 mean difference -5.4), with hydrotherapy participants reporting greater psychological well-being. Adherence rates were comparable (>85%), with water-based programs showing higher patient satisfaction.
Conclusion: Both exercise modalities offer substantial benefits for PD rehabilitation. Water-based interventions enhance balance and psychological well-being, while land-based exercises improve strength and mobility. A hybrid approach may optimize outcomes. Future research should explore personalized exercise prescriptions integrating both modalities for sustained benefits.
To cite this abstract in AMA style:
S. A. Hassan, A. Abdelsalhin, M. Mustafa, N. Elmestkawy, O. Hafez, N. Abdeltawab, M. M. Elsayed. A Comparative Analysis of Water-Based versus Land-Based Exercise Interventions for Improving Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review [abstract]. Mov Disord. 2025; 40 (suppl 1). https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/a-comparative-analysis-of-water-based-versus-land-based-exercise-interventions-for-improving-quality-of-life-in-parkinsons-disease-a-systematic-review/. Accessed October 5, 2025.« Back to 2025 International Congress
MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/a-comparative-analysis-of-water-based-versus-land-based-exercise-interventions-for-improving-quality-of-life-in-parkinsons-disease-a-systematic-review/