Objective: To determine the role of cardiometabolic syndrome such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease.

Background: The aging of the population, change in lifestyle and increased of life expectancy have increasing the incidence of chronic degenerative diseases, a group which belongs Parkinson’s disease. Different studies have shown increased oxidative stress as the main alteration in metabolism related diseases, including metabolic syndrome components. PD is one of the most common neurodegenerative disease and highly reactive oxygen species. There is increasing evidence that involves the contribution of cardiometabolic syndrome components to the pathophysiology of the PD.

Methods: Case-control study with consecutive patients with a PD diagnosis, and age-matched healthy controls. A structured-interview was applied to all subjects. Weight, height, BMI, presence of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia was assessed. Chi-squared test was used to compare nominal variables between patients with PD and control subjects. Odds ratios for each component of cardiometabolic syndrome were estimated by logistic regression analyses.

Results: A total of 500 controls and 521 cases. Gender distribution was 481 women and 540 men. The prevalence found for diabetes was 22.8% in controls and 17.5% in cases, hypertension 26.8% in controls and 37.4% in cases, dyslipidemia 15.6 % in controls and 19.8% in cases, BMI mean of the controls was 26.8 ± 3.1 kg/m2 and in cases was 26.7 ± 4.4 kg/m2. In the case of patients with PD 64.8% had diabetes, 53.8% had hypertension and 28.1% had dyslipidemia before PD. Components of cardiometabolic syndrome were included in the logistic regression model. The ORs for each one showed diabetes as a protective factor with an OR 0.60 (CI 0.432-0.836, p=0.003), and the presence of Obesity with an OR 0.41 (CI 0.287-0.59, p<0.001) and hypertension as a risk factor for PD with an OR 1.8 (CI 1.3-2.40, p<0.0001).

Conclusions: This study suggests that hypertension was a risk factor for PD, this is consistent with current literature. For Diabetes and obesity, our findings are opposed to most current reports. One possible explanation is the fact that specific metabolic treatment was not assessed, also metabolic control was not assessed.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/cardiometabolic-syndrome-and-risk-of-parkinsons-disease-a-case-control-study-in-mexican-population/