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Abstracts from the International Congress of Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders.

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Differences in EEG spectral features in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment

M. Ajcevic, M. Catalan, P. Polverino, K. Iscra, G. Mazzon, C. Bertolotti, P. Manganotti (Trieste, Italy)

Meeting: 2023 International Congress

Abstract Number: 1198

Keywords: Cognitive dysfunction, Electroencephalogram(EEG), Parkinson’s

Category: Parkinson's Disease: Neurophysiology

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine changes in brain cortical activity using high-density EEG in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease (PD). The study also aimed to identify correlations between EEG parameters and cognitive status assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment can be an early clinical manifestation in both Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease.  While dementia is the primary manifestation of AD, PD’s wide range of nonmotor symptoms frequently includes cognitive dysfunction, varying from Mild Cognitive Impairment to dementia. The differential diagnosis between PD and AD is not clinically challenging, at the same time it is very important to comprehend both distinct and overlapping mechanisms of cognitive impairment in these two neurodegenerative disorders.

Method: This study encompassed eighteen AD-MCI, thirteen PD-MCI, and twelve age-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a 256-channel high-density EEG recordings and neuropsychological assessment. EEG spectral features were extracted, and differences between the groups and correlations with MoCA were investigated. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker analysis was performed to ensure well-characterized groups.

Results: The results showed that both AD-MCI and PD-MCI patients had significantly lower alpha2 power and alpha2/alpha1 ratios than controls. PD-MCI patients also had significantly higher theta power and lower beta power and alpha/theta ratios compared to AD-MCI and HC. The MoCA score was inversely correlated with theta power and directly correlated with alpha2 and beta powers, as well as with alpha2/alpha1 and alpha/theta ratios.

Conclusion: This study identified different EEG spectral patterns between subjects with MCI due to AD and PD. These findings suggest that EEG parameters could be potential surrogate markers for cognitive status in neurodegenerative diseases, supporting early detection of cognitive dysfunction and monitoring disease progression and therapeutic responses, in addition to established biomarkers.

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

M. Ajcevic, M. Catalan, P. Polverino, K. Iscra, G. Mazzon, C. Bertolotti, P. Manganotti. Differences in EEG spectral features in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment [abstract]. Mov Disord. 2023; 38 (suppl 1). https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/differences-in-eeg-spectral-features-in-alzheimers-and-parkinsons-disease-with-mild-cognitive-impairment/. Accessed June 14, 2025.
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