Objective: To address the effect of the epidemiological risk factors on cognition in male PD patients, taking motor and non-motor clinical features into account.

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is manifested with progressive motor symptoms and cognitive decline, both the prevalence of PD and cognitive dysfunctions associated with PD are higher in men than women, and increase with age. However, The epidemiological risk factors of cognitive impairments with male PD patients have not been as extensively studied as the risk factors of PD.

Methods: 430 male PD patients from the movement disorders department of West China Hospital between July 2014 and March 2017 were enrolled. The risk factors associated with prevalence of PD were assessed at baseline, regarding to smoking and alcohol consumption, pesticides, traumatic brain injury, hypertension, diabetes and BMI, motor and non-motor assessment scales. The cognition decline/dementia was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Moca). Ordinary logistic regression was used to identify the relationship between epidemiological risk factors and cognition decline/dementia, including the predicting factors for cognitive impairments.

Results: 430 male PD patients were included for statistical analysis, consisting of 187(43.5%) PD-normal cognition (PD-NC), 162 (37.7%) PD-mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and 81(18.8%) PD-dementia (PD-D) patients. The mean age and mean disease duration among three groups were 58.6±12.3, 62.4±10.9, 66.6±8.9 years old and 3.1±3.0, 4.1±3.9 and 4.5±3.9 years, respectively. There were significance among the comparison of these three groups regarding to age, disease duration, education level, motor severity and prevalence of depression/anxiety (P<0.05). However, none of the epidemiological risk factors associated with prevalence of PD above-mentioned had effect on the cognitive decline/dementia with male PD, under adjustment of age, disease duration and education level. Age (odd ration (OR)=1.031, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.002 to1.061), disease duration (1.069, 1.007 to 1.135), advanced stage of PD (1.864, 1.018 to 3.414) and depression (2.096, 1.007 to 4.363) independently predicted for cognition decline/dementia with male PD patients.

Conclusions: Epidemiological risk factors associated with prevalence of PD have no relationship with cognition decline/dementia in male PD patients, while which have obvious association with factors indicating disease progress. Depression significantly predicts cognition decline/dementia with PD in male patients.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/epidemiological-risk-factors-on-cognition-with-pd-patients-in-male-a-cross-sectional-study-from-southwest-of-china/