Objective: Conduct a descriptive analysis of the Colombian Parkinson’s disease population and its comorbidities using data from the Colombian Ministry of Health.Estimate the prevalence and geographical distribution of Parkinson’s disease in Colombia.Estimate the prevalence ratio of obstructive sleep apnea, urinary incontinence, dementia, and depression in individuals with Parkinson’s disease to assess their impact on healthcare needs in urban and rural areas

Background: Parkinson disease is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with social and economic implications, which make it important to estimate its prevalence and to describe the main demographic features of patients with PD and their comorbidities, in middle income countries such as Colombia based on data collected from the Ministry of Health, SISPRO (a national health registry gathering information from the National Health System) which covers approximately 95% of the Colombian Population

Method: We accessed SISPRO and collected data regarding patients with PD from 2018 through 2022, which were analyzed based on sex, age and geographic location. In addition to data regarding PD, we collected information about obstructive sleep apnea, urinary incontinence, dementia and depression, with which we calculated prevalence ratios for each disease

Results: The raw disease prevalence was 5.42 per 1000 people older than 50 years old (6.65 in men and 4.42 in women); and 9.87 per 1000 people older than 65 years old (12.01 in men and 8.15 in women) in Colombia. Although most of the diagnosis kept taking place in the big cities, some smaller cities have increased their rate of diagnosis, suggesting a decrease in underdiagnosis seen in previous years. Prevalence ratios in people older than 50 years were 3.7 and 4.3 for depression and mild depression, respectively, 2.9 for urinary incontinence, 2.4 for obstructive sleep apnea, and 14.3 for dementia

Conclusion: This study features the prevalence of PD and its related comorbidities, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach when managing this complex disease.

An abstract with similar methodology was presented in the 2022 International Congress. However it focused on atypical Parkinsonisms and in a different time frame.

Title: Prevalence of Parkinson’s disease and Atypical Parkinsonisms in Colombia: Data from the national health registry 2016-2021

Age distribution of patients diagnosed with PD

Prevalence of PD by department

Table 1. PD age distribution

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