Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and the risk and severity of PD.

Background: Vitamin D is an important molecular involving in the development and regulation of brain. Several studies have focused on exploring the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the conclusion remains ambiguous yet.

Methods: We searched observational studies that explored the association between serum vitamin D levels and PD based on Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane library. The quality of included studies was evaluated by using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Statistical analysis of this meta-analysis was performed by Stata version 12.0 and R software.

Results: 22 studies with a total of 3516 PD patients and 3481 controls were included. Our meta-analysis revealed that compared with controls, PD patients had lower vitamin D levels(WMD -5.21, 95%CI -6.48, -3.94), especially in higher latitude regions (WMD -5.53, 95%CI -7.49, -3.57). Assay methods contributed significantly to high heterogeneity. Furthermore, PD patients with deficient vitamin D levels had advanced risk(OR 2.08, 95%CI1.35, 3.19) than those patients with insufficient levels (OR=1.73, 95%CI 1.41, 2.12). In addition, Vitamin D levels was also related to PD severity (WMD-5.69, 95%CI-8.42, 2.96), and the summary correlation coefficient showed strong negative correlation (r=-0.609,95%CI-0.76, -0.39). Moreover, the pooled effect size revealed that vitamin D concentrations were also negatively related to mUPDRS scores(r=-0.36, 95%CI-0.53, -0.16), but not associated with duration(P=0.37) and age(P=0.49).

Conclusions: Vitamin D levels are inversely associated with the PD risk and severity. Our results may provide a update evidence to better explore the effect of vitamin D on PD and prompt the adjunctive therapeutic decisions about vitamin D application.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/association-between-serum-vitamin-d-levels-and-parkinsons-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/