Objective: To identify a panel of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to compare levels of inflammatory proteins in control subjects to patients with PD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), or Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Background: Proximity extension assay (PEA) technology is a promising multiplex protein quantification method that has not yet been applied to newly diagnosed patients with PD. Further, more work is needed to characterize the value of inflammatory biomarkers in PD. Neuroinflammation is not unique to PD and has been found to play a role in other neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and DLB.

Method: One hundred and sixty-two patients (PD n = 120; DLB n = 15; AD n = 27), from the Norwegian ParkWest and Dementia Study of Western Norway (DemWest) longitudinal cohorts, and 44 controls subjects without neurological disease were included in this study. An inflammation panel of 92 biomarkers were measured in CSF using PEA technology. We assessed the association between each biomarker and disease status using elastic net (EN) analysis.

Results: EN analysis identified 10 biomarkers associated with increased (CD5, CDCP1, IL-6, IL-18R1) or decreased (ADA, CCL23, CD8A, FGF-19, MCP-2, MCP-4) risk of PD (Figure 1). Three biomarkers were associated with increased (IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-10) and one with decreased (CD8A) risk of AD.

Conclusion: We identified inflammatory biomarker candidates that might help in the diagnosis of early PD. While some candidates were specific to PD, others were also dysregulated in AD (IL-6 and CD8A), suggesting that they are more general biomarkers of neurodegeneration. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential for biomarker panels to distinguish PD from controls or other neurological diseases in clinical settings.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/inflammatory-biomarkers-in-newly-diagnosed-patients-with-parkinsons-disease/