Objective: 1. Primary Objective:

  Confirm the effectiveness of innovative eye exercises in improving balance over a 12-week intervention period.

2. Secondary Objectives:

    Evaluate reductions in fear of falling

  Analyze changes in postural stability through postural sway measurements using a force platform.

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor symptoms, including postural instability, increasing fall risk and reducing quality of life. Traditional treatments like physical therapy and medication often overlook the interplay of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems in balance. This study explores innovative eye exercises targeting visual-motor coordination to enhance balance in PD patients, leveraging neuroplasticity for a novel, non-pharmacological approach.

Method: In a randomized controlled trial, 240 PD patients (aged 55-75, Hoehn & Yahr stages 2-3) were assigned to an intervention group (n=120, 12-week eye exercise program) or a control group (n=120, no intervention). Exercises included saccadic movements, smooth pursuit, and gaze stabilization. Balance was assessed at baseline, week 6, and week 12 using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and fall risk evaluations.

Results: The intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in balance metrics compared to the control group after the 12-week eye exercise program. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score increased significantly in the intervention group (mean change: 5.2 ± 1.3 vs. 1.1 ± 0.9 in controls, P = 0.001), indicating enhanced static and dynamic balance. Similarly, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test showed a notable reduction in completion time (mean: 10.5 ± 2.1 seconds vs. 13.8 ± 2.4 seconds in controls, P = 0.003), reflecting improved mobility and stability. Postural sway decreased by 25% in the intervention group compared to 5% in controls (P = 0.002), suggesting reduced fall risk. The incidence of falls was significantly lower in the intervention group (4 falls vs. 15 falls in controls, P = 0.01).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that innovative eye exercises significantly improve balance and reduce fall risk in PD patients. As a simple, non-invasive intervention, they offer a promising addition to standard care, enhancing PD management through a holistic approach. Future research should explore long-term effects and underlying neural mechanisms.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/vision-in-motion-eye-exercises-to-enhance-balance-in-parkinsons-disease-a-randomized-controlled-trial/